Credit: ESO
This ESO Picture of the Week shows a crescent-shaped cocoon of gas and dust — a nebula
known as NGC 3199, which lies 12 000 light-years away from Earth. It
appears to plough through the star-studded sky like a ship through
stormy seas. This imagery is very appropriate due to NGC 3199’s location
in Carina — a southern constellation which is named after the keel of a ship!
NGC 3199 was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel in 1834 as he compiled his famous catalogue
of interesting night sky objects. The nebula has been the subject of
numerous observations since, including those by ESO’s 8.2-metre Very Large Telescope (eso0310, eso1117), and 2.6-metre VLT Survey Telescope
(VST). The latter made the observations that comprise this image. The
nebula’s bright crescent feature is now known to be part of a much
larger but fainter bubble of gas and dust.
The nebula contains a notable star named HD 89358, which is an unusual type of extremely hot and massive star known as a Wolf-Rayet star.
HD 89358 generates incredibly intense stellar winds and outflows that
smash into and sweep up the surrounding material, contributing to NGC
3199’s twisted and lopsided morphology.
The VST, which began
operations in 2011, can image a large area of sky at once — an area
twice the size of the full Moon — with its 256-megapixel camera, OmegaCAM.
This allows it to characterise interesting objects which its larger
neighbour, ESO’s Very Large Telescope, can then explore in even greater
detail.
