The planetary nebula Abell 33 in the constellation of Hydra
Wide-field view of the sky around Abell 33
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Astronomers using ESO’s Very Large
Telescope in Chile have captured this eye-catching image of planetary
nebula PN A66 33 — usually known as Abell 33. Created when an aging star
blew off its outer layers, this beautiful blue bubble is, by chance,
aligned with a foreground star, and bears an uncanny resemblance to a
diamond engagement ring. This cosmic gem is unusually symmetric,
appearing to be almost circular on the sky.
Most stars with masses similar to that of our Sun will end their
lives as white dwarfs — small, very dense, and hot bodies that slowly
cool down over billions of years. On the way to this final phase of
their lives the stars throw their atmospheres out into the space and
create planetary nebulae, colourful glowing clouds of gas surrounding
the small, bright stellar relics.
This image, captured by ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT), shows the
remarkably round planetary nebula Abell 33, located roughly 2500
light-years from Earth. Being perfectly round is uncommon for these
objects — usually something disturbs the symmetry and causes the
planetary nebula to display irregular shapes [1].
The strikingly bright star located along the rim of the nebula
creates a beautiful illusion in this VLT image. This is just a chance
alignment — the star, named HD 83535, lies in the foreground of the
nebula, between Earth and Abell 33, in just the right place to make this
view even more beautiful. Together, HD 83535 and Abell 33 create a
sparkling diamond ring.
The remnant of Abell 33’s progenitor star, on its way to becoming a
white dwarf, can be seen just slightly off-centre inside the nebula,
visible as a tiny white pearl. It is still bright — more luminous than
our own Sun — and emits enough ultraviolet radiation to make the bubble
of expelled atmosphere glow [2].
Abell 33 is just one of the 86 objects included in astronomer George Abell's 1966 Abell Catalogue of Planetary Nebulae. Abell also scoured the skies for galaxy clusters, compiling the Abell Catalogue of over 4000 of these clusters in both the northern and southern hemispheres of the sky.
This image uses data from the FOcal Reducer and low dispersion Spectrograph (FORS) instrument attached to the VLT, which were acquired as part of the ESO Cosmic Gems programme [3].
Notes
[1] For example, the way the star spins, or if the central star is one component of a double or multiple star system.
[2] In this very sharp image the central star appears
to be double. Whether this is a real association or just a chance
alignment is not known.
[3] The ESO Cosmic Gems programme
is an outreach initiative to produce images of interesting, intriguing
or visually attractive objects using ESO telescopes, for the purposes of
education and public outreach. The programme makes use of telescope
time that cannot be used for science observations. All data collected
may also be suitable for scientific purposes, and are made available to
astronomers through ESO’s science archive.
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Tel: +49 89 3200 6655
Cell: +49 151 1537 3591
Email: rhook@eso.org
Source: ESO
