M101 - The Pinwhell Galaxy
The face-on spiral galaxy M101, or the Pinwheel Galaxy, is seen at
ultraviolet and optical wavelengths in this image taken by ESA’s
XMM-Newton space telescope. The picture is composed of images
taken by XMM-Newton’s optical telescope using different filters: red
(200–400 nm), green (200–300 nm) and blue (175–275 nm). Copyright ESA/XMM & R. Willatt
The face-on Pinwheel spiral galaxy is seen at ultraviolet wavelengths in this image taken by ESA’s XMM-Newton space telescope.
Also known as M101, the galaxy lies 21 million light-years away in the
constellation Ursa Major. It measures 170 000 light-years across –
nearly twice the diameter of our own Milky Way Galaxy – and contains at
least a trillion stars. About a billion of these stars could be similar
to our own Sun.
More often seen in visible light,
here the Pinwheel Galaxy glows at ultraviolet wavelengths. Massive, hot
young stars streaming with ultraviolet radiation mark out the galaxy’s
spiral arms with bright pockets of forming stars.
Since the largest stars are the shortest lived, with a maximum lifespan
of a few million years, studying the ultraviolet radiation being emitted
by a distant galaxy is a good way to measure how much star formation is
taking place within it – and it is clear that M101 is still very
active.
The galaxy has also borne witness to the death of stars, with four supernova explosions recorded between 1909 and 2011.
The Pinwheel Galaxy appears slightly lopsided, its arms wound tightly
around the central bulge on one side but more loosely bound on the
other. Its architecture is likely due to interactions with other
galaxies earlier in its history, their gravitational attraction pushing
and pulling M101’s arms in new directions.
This view of M101 is composed of images taken by XMM-Newton’s Optical
Monitor telescope using different filters: red, green and blue.
This image is from our archives; it was first published in the XMM-Newton image gallery in 2002 with a complementary X-ray image of M101.
Source: ESA
